payne_1981#
M. G. Payne, C. H. Chen, G. S. Hurst, S. D. Kramer, W. R. Garrett and M. Pindzola, “Resonance ionization spectroscopy schemes for Ar, Kr and Xe”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 79, 142 (1981)
Source record · Catalogue · Review register
DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(81)85306-7
Source kind: theory
Recorded technique: Proposed resonance-ionisation (2 + 1) schemes for Ar, Kr and Xe: two-photon excitation of an np5 n’p [1/2]0 level (one or two lasers, plane polarised) followed by one-photon ionisation of the excited level. The excitation rate R = alpha^2 M(delta, t) / 2 from rate equations for a broadband laser modelled as many independent-phase modes with a Gaussian spectrum (Eqs. 1-9); the two-photon matrix element by closure with an average intermediate frequency (Eq. 10), in a single-configuration jl-coupling estimate |<1|P_z^2|0>| = (2/3) R_2 with R_2 the radial integral of r^2 (Eq. 11), averaged over Hartree-Fock, Hartree-Fock-Slater, l-averaged Hartree-Fock and parametric potential wave functions; ionisation yields and effective volumes for focused beams (Eqs. 13-19, Table 1).
Materials in structured entries: Ar, Kr, Xe
Dataset quantities: excited_state_photoionization_cross_section
Contents: 4 datasets; 0 formulas.
Curation notes#
Chem. Phys. Lett. 79(1), 142-148 (1 April 1981) = PDF pages 1-7 (journal page = PDF page + 141); a scan with a poor text layer (decimal points lost: ‘1576 3’ for 1576.3, ‘15763’ in Table 1). Identity checked against the first page (journal, volume, number, date, title, authors). Every number taken was read on the rendered pages (pp. 145, 146).
WHAT IS TAKEN: the photoionisation cross sections sigma_I of the two-photon-excited levels that the text quotes, inline (text) points: Ar 3p5 4p[1/2]0 ‘At 1576 A, one has sigma_I ~ 1 x 10^-18 cm2’ (p. 145); Kr 4p5 6p[1/2]0 ‘another photon [of the 1927.48 A excitation light] can ionize with sigma_I ~ 5 x 10^-19 cm2 [9]’ (p. 145); Kr 4p5 5p[1/2]0 ‘At 3262 A we have sigma_I = 10^-18 cm2’ (p. 146); Xe 5p5 6p[1/2]0 at 2496 A, ‘Theory [9] gives sigma_I ~ 3 x 10^-18 cm2’ (p. 146). Ref. 9 is ‘M. Pindzola, unpublished’; the Ar and Kr 5p values cite nothing. One-figure estimates, all use = check, no uncertainty stated. The levels are J = 0, so the cross section does not depend on the alignment the polarised excitation gives.
WAVELENGTHS: vacuum. Twice 1e8 / 1927.48 A is 103 762.4 cm^-1, NIST’s Kr 4p5 6p[1/2]0 level is 103 761.63 cm^-1 (data/external/nist_asd/Kr_I_levels.tsv; vacuum 1927.50 A, in air 1926.9 A); twice 1e8 / 2496 A is 80 128 cm^-1 against Xe 6p[1/2]0 at 80 118.96 (vacuum 2496.3 A). The Ar scheme 1576.3 + 2292.8 A sums to 107 054.5 cm^-1 against NIST’s 3p5 4p[1/2]0 107 054.27 (computed 2026-10-09).
COMPARISONS. Xe: pindzola_1981 (Pindzola’s published calculation for this level, Phys. Rev. A 23, 201, January 1981; whether it is Ref. 9’s is not stated) gives at 4.97 eV (249.5 nm) totals from 1.32 (Hartree-Fock velocity) to 3.05 x 10^-18 cm2 (Dirac-Fock length): the 3 x 10^-18 here is its largest form. The text says ‘A cross section of this magnitude was confirmed experimentally’ (Chen et al., Ref. 1, Chem. Phys. Lett. 75, 473 (1980): chen_1980). Kr 6p: ‘A cross section of this magnitude has been measured by Bokor et al.’ (bokor_1980: (3.2 +- 2.0) x 10^-19 cm2, but for 6p[3/2]2 at 193.49 nm, not 6p[1/2]0).
NOT TAKEN. (1) The radial integrals R_2 (Ar 1.7, Kr 6p 0.9, Kr 5p 3, Xe 7 e^2 a0^2; ‘a factor of two in their uncertainty’): no quantity. (2) The two-photon rate coefficients k (R = k I^2) and k’ (R = k’ I1 I2), s^-1 W^-2 cm^4, for the stated laser bandwidths: Ar k’ ~ 1.0 x 10^-9 (1576.3 + 2292.8 A), Kr k ~ 1.2 x 10^-12 (1927.48 A, 0.8 A bandwidth), Kr k’ = 5 x 10^-9 (5p[1/2]0), Xe k = 1.3 x 10^-9 (2496 A, 0.08 A) against Chen et al.’s observed k ~ 2 x 10^-9 (Ref. 1, 0.05-0.1 A); the Xe two-photon Rabi frequency Omega_2 = 6.1 I (W/cm2). A rate per squared intensity that depends on the laser bandwidth (Eq. 12, R ~ 7 L_2^2 I^2 / Delta_1/2) is not two_photon_excitation_cross_section (frequency-integrated); it is not converted here. (3) Table 1 (p. 147, tbl_7b9c48e5b576): laser parameters, saturation parameters S and T and effective volumes Delta V: instrument-specific. No measured two-photon number of argon is in this paper: hattig_1998b’s ‘experimental value of 2.05 x 10^-51 cm4 s’ for argon’s 4p J = 2 levels (TC-887), which cites this paper among four sources, is not here (the paper treats only the J = 0 level 4p[1/2]0 of argon, in theory).
ODDITY. p. 145 cites ‘a scheme by Hawkins et al. [9]’; Hawkins et al. are Ref. 10 (Ref. 9 is Pindzola, unpublished, and the reference list prints [10] before [9]).
FURTHER TWO-PHOTON DATA CITED: C. H. Chen, G. S. Hurst and M. G. Payne, Chem. Phys. Lett. 75, 473 (1980) (chen_1980; Xe 6p[1/2]0, observed k); Ref. 7, ‘M. G. Payne, W. R. Garrett and M. Pindzola, in preparation’ (the atomic-structure calculations; pindzola_1981b, Pindzola, Payne and Garrett, Phys. Rev. A 24, 3115 (1981), may be it: not established); J. Bokor, J. Zavelovich and C. K. Rhodes, Phys. Rev. A 21, 1453 (1980) (bokor_1980); R. T. Hawkins, H. Egger, J. Bokor and C. K. Rhodes, Appl. Phys. Lett. 36, 391 (1980) (not in the library); G. S. Hurst, M. G. Payne, S. D. Kramer and J. P. Young, Rev. Mod. Phys. 51, 767 (1979) (not in the library).
Recorded bibliographic identity status: VALIDATED_WITH_WARNINGS. This concerns identification of the source; it does not establish the scientific correctness of its contents.
Datasets#
payne_1981/sigma_pi_Ar_4p12_0#
{
"id": "sigma_pi_Ar_4p12_0",
"material": "Ar",
"table": "text",
"scale": 1e-18,
"quantity": "excited_state_photoionization_cross_section",
"unit": "cm2",
"abscissa_unit": "angstrom",
"use": "check",
"uncertainty": {
"level": "not stated"
},
"parameters": {
"initial_level": "Ar 3p5 4p[1/2]0 (3p5(2P3/2) 4p, J = 0), two-photon excited from the ground state",
"method": "not stated (an estimate quoted in the text)"
}
}
1 inline points in the source record.
p. 145: ‘At 1576 A, one has sigma_I ~ 1 x 10^-18 cm2’, for the level excited by 1576.3 + 2292.8 A. No source or method is named for it (the text’s calculations are of R_2). An estimate to one figure; no uncertainty stated.
payne_1981/sigma_pi_Kr_6p12_0#
{
"id": "sigma_pi_Kr_6p12_0",
"material": "Kr",
"table": "text",
"scale": 1e-19,
"quantity": "excited_state_photoionization_cross_section",
"unit": "cm2",
"abscissa_unit": "angstrom",
"use": "check",
"reproduced_from": [
"M. Pindzola, unpublished (Payne et al.'s Ref. 9)"
],
"uncertainty": {
"level": "not stated"
},
"parameters": {
"initial_level": "Kr 4p5 6p[1/2]0 (4p5(2P3/2) 6p, J = 0), two-photon excited from the ground state",
"method": "calculation (Pindzola, unpublished), not described"
}
}
1 inline points in the source record.
p. 145: after two-photon excitation at 1927.48 A, ‘another photon can ionize with sigma_I ~ 5 x 10^-19 cm2 [9]’, Ref. 9 being ‘M. Pindzola, unpublished’. x is the excitation (and ionising) wavelength, vacuum. An estimate to one figure; no uncertainty stated.
payne_1981/sigma_pi_Kr_5p12_0#
{
"id": "sigma_pi_Kr_5p12_0",
"material": "Kr",
"table": "text",
"scale": 1e-18,
"quantity": "excited_state_photoionization_cross_section",
"unit": "cm2",
"abscissa_unit": "angstrom",
"use": "check",
"uncertainty": {
"level": "not stated"
},
"parameters": {
"initial_level": "Kr 4p5 5p[1/2]0 (4p5(2P3/2) 5p, J = 0), two-photon excited from the ground state",
"method": "not stated (an estimate quoted in the text)"
}
}
1 inline points in the source record.
p. 146: ‘At 3262 A we have sigma_I = 10^-18 cm2’, for the level excited by 1576.3 + 3262 A. No source or method is named. One figure; no uncertainty stated.
payne_1981/sigma_pi_Xe_6p12_0#
{
"id": "sigma_pi_Xe_6p12_0",
"material": "Xe",
"table": "text",
"scale": 1e-18,
"quantity": "excited_state_photoionization_cross_section",
"unit": "cm2",
"abscissa_unit": "angstrom",
"use": "check",
"reproduced_from": [
"M. Pindzola, unpublished (Payne et al.'s Ref. 9)"
],
"uncertainty": {
"level": "not stated"
},
"parameters": {
"initial_level": "Xe 5p5 6p[1/2]0 (5p5(2P3/2) 6p, J = 0; Paschen 2p5), two-photon excited from the ground state",
"method": "calculation (Pindzola, unpublished), not described"
}
}
1 inline points in the source record.
p. 146: for the level excited by two photons of 2496 A, ‘Theory [9] gives sigma_I ~ 3 x 10^-18 cm2’, Ref. 9 being ‘M. Pindzola, unpublished’. pindzola_1981’s Dirac-Fock length total at 4.97 eV is 3.049 x 10^-18 cm2, its Hartree-Fock velocity 1.321 (record notes). One figure; no uncertainty stated.
Formulas#
No formulas are recorded.
Corrections#
No dataset errata are recorded in this source record.
Formula corrections, where recorded, appear with their formulas above. Curation notes may also discuss corrections or unresolved interpretation. Consult the review register for the checks and decisions.