rupper_2004
===========

P\. Rupper and F\. Merkt, "Intense narrow\-bandwidth extreme ultraviolet laser system tunable up to 20 eV", Rev\. Sci\. Instrum\. 75, 613 \(2004\)

`Source record <https://github.com/LupoLab/optmat/blob/main/src/optmat/data/sources/rupper_2004.toml>`__ · :doc:`Catalogue </the-data/sources>` · :doc:`Review register </register>`

DOI: `10\.1063/1\.1646744 <https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1646744>`__

**Source kind:** measurement

**Recorded technique:** Resonance\-enhanced sum\- and difference\-frequency four\-wave mixing in a pulsed argon jet \(3 bar stagnation\)\: the five two\-photon resonances 3p5 4p \<\- 3p6 1S0 of argon \(105 000\-109 000 cm^\-1\) reached with one F2 excimer photon \(63 439\.322 cm^\-1, about 30 ns, 1\.5\-2\.0 mJ\) plus one frequency\-tripled dye\-laser photon \(about 0\.8 mJ at 230 nm\), mixed with a second dye laser \(nu\_VUV = nu\_1 \+ nu\_Ex \+\- nu\_2\); the VUV/XUV separated by a toroidal\-grating monochromator\. Applications by PFI\-ZEKE photoelectron spectroscopy in skimmed supersonic beams \(about 6 K rotational temperature\)\: the 21Ne/22Ne isotope shift of the 2p5 4s\[3/2\]1 line, acetylene near 92 000 cm^\-1, CO2 between 140 000 and 146 000 cm^\-1\.

**Materials in structured entries:** CO2

**Dataset quantities:** ionization\_energy

**Contents:** 2 datasets; 0 formulas.

Curation notes
--------------

Pages\: the library PDF has a publisher cover page; PDF page n is journal page 611 \+ n \(pp\. 613\-622\)\. Identity checked against PDF p\. 2 \(Rev\. Sci\. Instrum\. 75, No\. 3, March 2004\)\. Wave numbers in vacuum cm^\-1 as printed\.

WHAT IS TAKEN\: the first adiabatic ionisation energy of CO2 \(X 2Pi\_3/2g \(0,0,0\) J\+ = 3/2 \<\- X 1Sigma\_g\+ \(0,0,0\) J'' = 0\), as text points\. The paper prints three values\: the abstract's 111 112\.3 \+\- 0\.8 cm^\-1 \(p\. 613, 'Improved values \.\.\. were determined'\), and two derivations in Sec\. IV C\: 111 112\.0 \+\- 0\.8 cm^\-1 from the PFI\-ZEKE A 2Pi\_3/2u \(0,0,0\) J\+ = 3/2 ionisation energy, 139 644\.5\(8\) cm^\-1, minus the A\-X interval of Johnson and Rostas \(Ref\. 52; p\. 621\), and 111 112\.7 \+\- 1\.0 cm^\-1 from the B 2Sigma\_u\+ \(0,0,0\) photoelectron spectrum with the B\-X band wave numbers of Watson et al\. \(Ref\. 51; p\. 622\)\. The abstract's value is the dataset adiabatic\_CO2; the paper does not say how it is formed\: the inverse\-variance mean of the two derivations is 111 112\.27 cm^\-1 \(\+\-0\.62\), consistent with it \(computed 2026\-10\-08\), but the abstract's \+\-0\.8 is the A route's\. The two derivations are the check dataset adiabatic\_CO2\_routes\. Earlier values quoted\: 111 113 \+\- 2 \(Ref\. 16, Wiedmann et al\.\) and 111 111 \+\- 3 cm^\-1 \(Ref\. 38, Merkt et al\. 1993\) \(p\. 621\)\. Both routes depend on others' optical spectroscopy of CO2\+ for the interval to the X state\.

NOT TAKEN\. \(1\) Table I \(p\. 616, tbl\_3a949542b2fb, checked against the image\), the five argon two\-photon resonances 4p\[5/2\]2, 4p\[3/2\]2, 4p\[1/2\]0, 4p'\[3/2\]2, 4p'\[1/2\]0\: nu\_1, nu\_Ex, nu\_res = nu\_1 \+ nu\_Ex = 105 617\.54\(60\), 106 237\.56\(60\), 107 054\.24\(14\), 107 289\.71\(60\), 108 722\.65\(17\) cm^\-1 \(this work\), Minnhagen's term values 105 617\.2700, 106 237\.5518, 107 054\.2720, 107 289\.7001, 108 722\.6194 cm^\-1 \(Ref\. 20, J\. Opt\. Soc\. Am\. 63, 1185 \(1973\), \+\-0\.05 cm^\-1\), FWHM 0\.54, 0\.59, 0\.67, 0\.60, 0\.65 cm^\-1, and relative four\-wave\-mixing conversion efficiencies 1\.2\(2\), 1 \(reference\), 4\.0\(12\), 1\.0\(2\), 7\.5\(24\); with the second F2 line, 4p'\[1/2\]0 at 108 722\.79\(60\) cm^\-1, FWHM 0\.56 cm^\-1\. The positions are level energies measured through the F2 line wave numbers of Sansonetti et al\. \(Ref\. 24\), less precise than Minnhagen's, which are NIST's strings \(nist\_asd\_2026 level\_Ar\_even\_J2 105617\.2700 and level\_Ar\_even\_J0 107054\.2720; the others are rows of NIST Ar\_I\_levels\.tsv, identical\); the widths are laser bandwidths \(the excimer's about 0\.3, the tripled dye laser's 0\.45 cm^\-1, Doppler about 0\.13 cm^\-1; ac Stark broadening minor, p\. 616\); the efficiencies are relative four\-wave\-mixing outputs \(\+\-30 %, mostly excimer energy and overlap\), not cross sections\. \(2\) The F2 laser and argon's two\-photon ionisation\: the main F2 line, 63 439\.322\(40\) cm^\-1, is 157\.6308 nm \(vacuum\) and the second, 63 482\.257\(40\) cm^\-1, 157\.5242 nm \(computed 2026\-10\-08\); two\-photon ionisation of Ar needs lambda \< 157\.344 nm \(hc over half of nist\_asd\_2026's ie\_Ar\_I, 15\.7596119 eV = 127 109\.84 cm^\-1\)\: two photons of the main line \(126 878\.64 cm^\-1\) fall 231 cm^\-1 short of the threshold, of the second line 145 cm^\-1\. The paper attributes a dip of the XUV output near the Ar 3p5 5d\[3/2\]1 resonance \(Fig\. 4, p\. 617\) to 'doubly resonant multiphoton ionization of argon in the four\-wave mixing region by the input lasers'; no rate is given\. \(3\) Table II \(p\. 617\), VUV/XUV photons per pulse\: instrument output\. \(4\) The first adiabatic ionisation energy of acetylene, 91 953\.5\(5\) cm^\-1 \(abstract, Table III\)\: C2H2 is not a registered material\. \(5\) CO2\+ A\-state ionisation energies \(Table IV, p\. 621\: 139 644\.5\(8\), 140 771\.6\(8\), 141 893\.9\(8\) cm^\-1 for v1 = 0\-2\) and the B state's \(145 782 \+\- 1 \(3ef\), 145 791 \+\- 1 \(2ef\), deperturbed 145 786\.3 \+\- 1\.0 cm^\-1; p\. 622\)\: ionisation energies to excited states of the ion, not the first ionisation energy this record holds; Table IV would need an extraction script; not taken here\. Neon's isotope shift \(Sec\. IV A\) is not a quantity\.

FURTHER TWO\-PHOTON DATA CITED\: the Kr 4p5 5p\[1/2\]0 and 5p'\[1/2\]0 \(94 092\.862 and 98 855\.071 cm^\-1\) and Xe 5p5 6p\[1/2\]0 and 6p'\[1/2\]0 \(80 118\.974 and 89 860\.038 cm^\-1\) two\-photon resonances \(p\. 613\-614\), positions only, from Moore \(Ref\. 12\), T\. Trickl, M\. J\. J\. Vrakking, E\. Cromwell, Y\. T\. Lee and A\. H\. Kung, Phys\. Rev\. A 39, 2948 \(1989\) \(Ref\. 13\) and K\. Yoshino and D\. E\. Freeman, J\. Opt\. Soc\. Am\. B 2, 1268 \(1985\) \(Ref\. 14\); the weaker Ar 4p\[5/2\]2 resonance at 189\.3 nm used by H\. Palm and F\. Merkt, Appl\. Phys\. Lett\. 73, 157 \(1998\) \(Ref\. 21\)\. No two\-photon cross section is cited\.

**Recorded bibliographic identity status:** VALIDATED\_WITH\_WARNINGS. This concerns identification of the source; it does not establish the scientific correctness of its contents.

Datasets
--------

rupper\_2004/adiabatic\_CO2
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: text

   {
     "id": "adiabatic_CO2",
     "material": "CO2",
     "table": "text",
     "quantity": "ionization_energy",
     "unit": "cm-1",
     "abscissa": "label",
     "use": "primary",
     "parameters": {
       "kind": "adiabatic",
       "final_state": "X 2Pi_3/2g (0,0,0) J+ = 3/2, from X 1Sigma_g+ (0,0,0) J'' = 0"
     },
     "uncertainty": {
       "column": true,
       "level": "not stated"
     }
   }

1 inline points in the source record.

Abstract, p\. 613\: 'Improved values of the first adiabatic ionization energy of \.\.\. CO2 \(111 112\.3 \+\- 0\.8 cm^\-1\) were determined'\. Level of \+\-0\.8 not stated\. The text's two derivations are adiabatic\_CO2\_routes \(see the record's notes\)\.

rupper\_2004/adiabatic\_CO2\_routes
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: text

   {
     "id": "adiabatic_CO2_routes",
     "material": "CO2",
     "table": "text",
     "quantity": "ionization_energy",
     "unit": "cm-1",
     "abscissa": "label",
     "use": "check",
     "parameters": {
       "kind": "adiabatic",
       "final_state": "X 2Pi_3/2g (0,0,0) J+ = 3/2, from X 1Sigma_g+ (0,0,0) J'' = 0"
     },
     "uncertainty": {
       "column": true,
       "level": "not stated"
     }
   }

2 inline points in the source record.

Sec\. IV C\: row A, p\. 621, 'Subtracting from the adiabatic ionization energy the energy difference between the A 2Pi\_3/2u\(0,0,0\) J\+ = 3/2 and the X 2Pi\_3/2g\(0,0,0\) J\+ = 3/2 states \.\.\. \(Ref\. 52\) leads to a value for the first adiabatic ionization energy of CO2 of 111 112\.0 \+\- 0\.8 cm^\-1'; row B, p\. 622, from the B 2Sigma\_u\+ \(0,0,0\) photoelectron spectrum with the B\-X band system \(Ref\. 51\), 'A value of 111 112\.7 \+\- 1\.0 cm^\-1 is found'\. Two derivations of the abstract's value \(adiabatic\_CO2\), each through an interval from others' optical spectroscopy; levels not stated\.

Formulas
--------

No formulas are recorded.

Corrections
-----------

No dataset errata are recorded in this source record.

Formula corrections, where recorded, appear with their formulas above. Curation notes may also discuss corrections or unresolved interpretation. Consult the :doc:`review register </register>` for the checks and decisions.