laporte_1975 ============ P\. Laporte, N\. Damany and H\. Damany, "High\-density resonant shift of atomic lines of krypton and xenon in the wavelength range 118\-150 nm", Phys\. Rev\. A 12, 1944 \(1975\) `Source record `__ · :doc:`Catalogue ` · :doc:`Review register ` DOI: `10\.1103/physreva\.12\.1944 `__ **Source kind:** measurement **Recorded technique:** Photographic absorption spectroscopy of pure Kr and Xe at 1\-80 amagat and room temperature \(Meudon\)\: a variable\-length cell with MgF2 windows \(a convex plane of 0\.25, 1\.0 or 4\.0 m radius against a flat, so that the path is extremely short\), optically conjugate with the film; the Baloffet\-Romand\-Vodar vacuum\-spark continuum; a 1 m normal\-incidence spectrograph, 2000 grooves/mm, 0\.5 nm/mm; calibration lines from a low\-pressure discharge\. Gas\: Air Liquide N35 \(impurities below 0\.05 %\), up to 100 bar \(Kr, 110 amagat\) and 70 bar \(Xe, 260 amagat\); densities from Trappeniers et al\.'s Kr isotherms and Beattie et al\.'s Xe equation of state\. The wavelength of the absorption maximum \(transmission minimum\) of each atomic line is read from microphotometer records\. **Materials in structured entries:** Kr, Xe **Dataset quantities:** oscillator\_strength **Contents:** 4 datasets; 0 formulas. Curation notes -------------- Journal pages 1944\-1948 = PDF pages 1\-5; the PDF is a scan\. Identity checked against the first page\. WHAT IS MEASURED \(pp\. 1\-3, Figs\. 2\-6\)\: the red shift of the absorption maximum of the Kr 123\.58 nm line \(to 80 amagat\) and of the Xe 146\.96 nm \(to 50 amagat\), 129\.56 nm \(to 35\), 125\.02 and 119\.20 nm \(to 25\) lines, limited by the growth of the Kr2 and Xe2 molecular bands\. The Kr 116\.49 nm and Xe 117\.04 nm lines were not studied \(window and spectral limits\)\. The amagat here is the real gas's density at 0 degrees C and 1 atm\: 1 amagat = 4\.4927e\-5 mol/cm^3 = 27\.067e18 atoms/cm^3 for Xe, 4\.4738e\-5 mol/cm^3 = 26\.953e18 for Kr \(footnote 1a, p\. 5\)\. Accuracy \(p\. 3\)\: \+\-0\.01 nm at low density \(spectrograph\), up to \+\-0\.02 nm as the line broadens \(the error bars of Figs\. 2\-6\); selective reflection at the window can only lower the measured shift, by at most 0\.007 nm \(the 146\.96 nm line at 15 amagat\)\. NOT TRANSCRIBED\: the shifts are given only in Figs\. 2\-6 \(images\), and the package has no quantity for the density shift of an absorption line \(raman\_line\_shift is for Raman lines\)\. Read by eye, not as data\: Kr 123\.58 nm about 0\.13 nm at 80 amagat; Xe 146\.96 nm about 0\.05 nm at 20 amagat and 0\.12 nm at 41; each rising slightly faster than linearly\. Fig\. 1 \(a Xe spectrum at 7 bar, 19 degrees C\) is qualitative\. THE LORENTZ SHIFT \(pp\. 4\-5\)\. Eq\. \(1\)\: omega\_0'^2 = omega\_0^2 \- N f q\_e^2/\(3 m eps0\); with the other resonances' index n\_0 = n'\(omega\_0\), Eq\. \(2\) multiplies the term by \(n\_0^2 \+ 2\)/3, and Eq\. \(3\)\: Delta lambda = \[lambda\_0^3/\(8 pi^2 c^2\)\] \[N f q\_e^2/\(3 m eps0\)\] \(n\_0^2 \+ 2\)/3 = 1\.494e\-16 lambda\_0^3 N f \(n\_0^2 \+ 2\)/3 \(SI; the constant in m\)\. Checked\: q\_e^2/\(24 pi^2 m\_e eps0 c^2\) = 1\.4950e\-16 m \(CODATA\), the printed 1\.494e\-16 to 0\.06 % \(truncated\)\. With the package's f \(fit/Xe 0\.2678, fit/Kr 0\.2050\) and n\_0 from the fits' other terms, Eq\. \(3\) gives 0\.0034 nm per amagat for Xe 146\.96 nm \(0\.070 nm at 20 amagat, 0\.142 at 40\) and 0\.0016 nm per amagat for Kr 123\.58 nm \(0\.131 nm at 80\)\. Eq\. \(2\) is exactly the displacement of the pole of the Lorentz\-Lorenz susceptibility chi = 3y/\(1 \- y\), y = N alpha/\(3 eps0\), of a line f/\(omega\_0^2 \- omega^2\) on a background y\_0 = \(n\_0^2 \- 1\)/\(n\_0^2 \+ 2\)\: the density\-dependent index the package computes \(Lorentz\-Lorenz on the per\-atom polarizability\) carries this shift already \(TC\-714\)\. The paper evaluates n\_0 from Chashchina and Shreider's dispersion formula with Lorentz\-Lorenz \('weak in our density range', Fig\. 2\) and notes \(p\. 4\) that the equations give the shift of n kappa, whereas the observed absorption maximum \(kappa\_max\) shifts equally only at low density and less at high density, by an amount that depends on the \(undetermined\) damping\. The calculated curves use f values from Table I; apart from the Xe 125\.02 nm line \(f an order of magnitude smaller, observed shift much larger than calculated\) they 'take into account the observed shifts' \(p\. 4\)\. DATASETS\: Table I, the oscillator strengths of the five lines from 14 references \(Refs\. 32\-45\), all reproduced, none of whose originals is in the library\: experimental\_Kr, experimental\_Xe, theoretical\_Kr, theoretical\_Xe\. Rows name the reference \(ref32 \.\.\. ref45; ref39\_40 for 'Refs\. 39 and 40'; a and b for the two values of Refs\. 43 and 45 joined by a brace, which the paper does not explain\) and, for xenon, the line\. The column header prints 119\.22 nm for the line the text calls 119\.20 nm \(the header is used as printed\)\. No uncertainties are given\. Gerardo & Johnson 1974 \(gerardo\_1974\) attribute Kr 0\.204 \(123\.6 nm\) to Lewis 1967, where this table has Vaughan 1968 \(Ref\. 37\)\. **Recorded bibliographic identity status:** VALIDATED\_WITH\_WARNINGS. This concerns identification of the source; it does not establish the scientific correctness of its contents. Datasets -------- laporte\_1975/experimental\_Kr ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. code-block:: text { "id": "experimental_Kr", "material": "Kr", "file": "Kr/laporte_1975__experimental_Kr.csv", "table": "tbl_8c662e0c2319", "quantity": "oscillator_strength", "abscissa_unit": "nm", "wavelength_medium": "vacuum", "use": "reproduced", "reproduced_from": [ "J. Koch, K. Fysiogr. Saellsk. Lund. Foerh. 19, 173 (1949)", "R. Turner, Phys. Rev. 140, A426 (1965)", "P. G. Wilkinson, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 5, 503 (1965); 6, 823 (1966)", "G. I. Chashchina and E. Ya. Shreider, Opt. Spectrosc. 20, 283 (1966); 22, 284 (1967)", "J. M. Vaughan, Phys. Rev. 166, 13 (1968)", "P. M. Griffin and J. W. Hutcherson, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 59, 1607 (1969)", "J. Geiger, Phys. Lett. 33A, 351 (1970); Proc. 4th Int. Conf. VUV Radiation Physics, Hamburg (1974), p. 28" ] } Table I, 'Experimental', column 'Kr 123\.58 nm' \(the 4p5 5s \[3/2\]1 line\)\: the row names the reference \(ref32 Koch, ref34 Turner, ref35 Wilkinson, ref36 Chashchina and Shreider, ref37 Vaughan, ref38 Griffin and Hutcherson, ref39\_40 Geiger\)\. Reproduced; no uncertainties\. Range 0\.158\-0\.266, against NIST's 0\.205 \(the fit/Kr prior\)\. laporte\_1975/experimental\_Xe ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. code-block:: text { "id": "experimental_Xe", "material": "Xe", "file": "Xe/laporte_1975__experimental_Xe.csv", "table": "tbl_8c662e0c2319", "quantity": "oscillator_strength", "abscissa_unit": "nm", "wavelength_medium": "vacuum", "use": "reproduced", "reproduced_from": [ "D. K. Anderson, Phys. Rev. 137, A21 (1965)", "P. G. Wilkinson, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 5, 503 (1965); 6, 823 (1966)", "G. I. Chashchina and E. Ya. Shreider, Opt. Spectrosc. 20, 283 (1966); 22, 284 (1967)", "P. M. Griffin and J. W. Hutcherson, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 59, 1607 (1969)", "J. Geiger, Phys. Lett. 33A, 351 (1970); Proc. 4th Int. Conf. VUV Radiation Physics, Hamburg (1974), p. 28", "W. Wieme and P. Mortier, Physica 65, 198 (1973)", "K. T. Lu, Phys. Rev. A 4, 579 (1971), from S. Natali, C. E. Kuyatt and S. R. Mielczarek (unpublished)" ] } Table I, 'Experimental', columns Xe 146\.96, 129\.56, 125\.02 and 119\.22 nm \(the header's; 119\.20 nm in the text\)\: row \\_\ \(ref33 Anderson, ref35 Wilkinson, ref36 Chashchina and Shreider, ref38 Griffin and Hutcherson, ref39\_40 Geiger, ref41 Wieme and Mortier, ref42 Lu from Natali et al\.\)\. Reproduced; no uncertainties\. 146\.96 nm\: 0\.214\-0\.28 \(NIST 0\.265\); 129\.56 nm\: 0\.180\-0\.27 \(NIST 0\.191\)\. laporte\_1975/theoretical\_Kr ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. code-block:: text { "id": "theoretical_Kr", "material": "Kr", "file": "Kr/laporte_1975__theoretical_Kr.csv", "table": "tbl_8c662e0c2319", "quantity": "oscillator_strength", "abscissa_unit": "nm", "wavelength_medium": "vacuum", "use": "reproduced", "reproduced_from": [ "J. Dow and R. S. Knox, Phys. Rev. 152, A51 (1966)", "P. F. Gruzdev, Opt. Spectrosc. 22, 170 (1967)", "M. Aymar, Physica 57, 178 (1972)" ] } Table I, 'Theoretical', column Kr 123\.58 nm\: ref43a, ref43b \(Dow and Knox, two values under a brace\), ref44 \(Gruzdev\), ref45a, ref45b \(Aymar, two values\)\. Reproduced calculations\. laporte\_1975/theoretical\_Xe ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. code-block:: text { "id": "theoretical_Xe", "material": "Xe", "file": "Xe/laporte_1975__theoretical_Xe.csv", "table": "tbl_8c662e0c2319", "quantity": "oscillator_strength", "abscissa_unit": "nm", "wavelength_medium": "vacuum", "use": "reproduced", "reproduced_from": [ "J. Dow and R. S. Knox, Phys. Rev. 152, A51 (1966)", "P. F. Gruzdev, Opt. Spectrosc. 22, 170 (1967)", "M. Aymar, Physica 57, 178 (1972)" ] } Table I, 'Theoretical', columns Xe 146\.96 and 129\.56 nm \(none for 125\.02 and 119\.22 nm\)\: rows as theoretical\_Kr, with the line\. Reproduced calculations\. Formulas -------- No formulas are recorded. Corrections ----------- No dataset errata are recorded in this source record. Formula corrections, where recorded, appear with their formulas above. Curation notes may also discuss corrections or unresolved interpretation. Consult the :doc:`review register ` for the checks and decisions.