de_2011 ======= S\. De, M\. Magrakvelidze, I\. A\. Bocharova, D\. Ray, W\. Cao, I\. Znakovskaya, H\. Li, Z\. Wang, G\. Laurent, U\. Thumm, M\. F\. Kling, I\. V\. Litvinyuk, I\. Ben\-Itzhak and C\. L\. Cocke, "Following dynamic nuclear wave packets in N2, O2, and CO with few\-cycle infrared pulses", Phys\. Rev\. A 84, 043410 \(2011\) `Source record `__ · :doc:`Catalogue ` · :doc:`Review register ` DOI: `10\.1103/PhysRevA\.84\.043410 `__ **Source kind:** measurement **Recorded technique:** Pump\-probe velocity\-map imaging of fragment ions \(p\. 1\)\: two 'nominally 8\-fs' pulses of 800 nm 'at intensities between 1 and 3 x 10^14 W/cm^2', delays up to 2000 fs; the charge\-to\-mass ratio selected by time\-of\-flight gating, the momentum image inverted \(Abel\); polarisation along the detector plane's y axis \(linear\)\. One fragment is detected, the partner's charge inferred from the momentum\. KER against delay, and power spectra \(Fourier transforms over delay\) against KER and beat frequency\. A two\-state \(a 4Pi\_u / f 4Pi\_g\) nuclear TDSE for O2\+ with GAMESS curves and dipoles, for a 15 fs, 3 x 10^14 W/cm^2 probe \(section IV\)\. **Materials in structured entries:** O2\+ **Dataset quantities:** kinetic\_energy\_release **Contents:** 2 datasets; 0 formulas. Curation notes -------------- Journal article 043410 = pdf pages 1\-13\. Identity checked against pdf p\. 1 \(received 30 May 2011; published 10 October 2011\)\. Curated 2026\-10\-09 \(TC\-962\)\. TAKEN\: Table II's O2\+ a 4Pi\_u block \(calculated KERs\), and the asymptotic KER of the dissociating O2\+ in the Coulomb model of Fig\. 2 \(text\)\. TABLE II \(p\. 6\)\: 'Calculated oscillation frequencies and KER values for selected states in the cation and dication of O2 and CO \.\.\. For the cation states, the KER values are calculated on the assumption of single\-photon absorption'; for O2\+ a 4Pi\_u v = 0\-15 from the potential of Marian et al\. 1982 \(ref\. 38; not in the library\), the KER of O\+ \+ O after one 800 nm photon promotes the level to f 4Pi\_g \(the bond\-softening crossing, near v = 11; Fig\. 6\)\. Rows v = 0\-10 print negative KERs \(the level plus one photon lies below the O\+ \+ O limit\)\: kept in the file and excluded from the dataset\. The CO\+ B 2Sigma\+ \(v = 6\-12, ref\. 30\) and CO\+\+ X 3Pi and 1Pi \(v = 0\-6, 'fitting the energies given by Lundqvist et al\. \[31\]'\) blocks are not taken\: CO\+ and CO\+\+ are not registered materials\. The nu\_n column \(THz\) has no quantity\. TABLE I \(p\. 5\) lists omega\_0 \(eV\), the anharmonicity x, nu\_0, T\_osc and T\_revival for N2\+ X and A, N2\+\+ X, a and A, O2\+ a and A, CO\+ X, A and B and CO\+\+ states, from Langhoff et al\. 1987 \(N2\+\), Dawber et al\. 1994 \(N2\+\+\), Huber and Herzberg 1979 \(O2\+\), Wannberg et al\. 1988 \(CO\+\) and Lundqvist et al\. 1995 \(CO\+\+\)\: reproduced spectroscopic constants for which optmat has no quantity \(vibrational\_term\_value holds G\(v\), not omega\_e and x\); not taken\. TEXT VALUES \(p\. 3, Fig\. 2\)\. In the Coulomb model of the KER\-delay stripes, 'the only adjustable parameter in the calculation is the asymptotic KER of the parent ion'\: for O2, '\(1\) dissociating states of the cation to O\+/O with an asymptotic KER of 1 eV' \(taken, use check\) and '\(3\) dissociating states of the dication to O\+/O\+ with an asymptotic KER of 7\.5 eV \[14\]'; for N2, the dication to N\+/N\+ 'with a KER of 7\.5 eV \[14\]'\. The two 7\.5 eV values cite Voss et al\., J\. Phys\. B 37, 4239 \(2004\), not in the library\: not taken \(data rule 6\)\. Nitrogen \(p\. 4\)\: the N2\+\+ fragment's 20 \(\+\-1\) eV band oscillates with a period near 18 fs and revives near 1200 fs, assigned to N2\+ A 2Pi\_u \(expected revival 1100 fs; Table I\); the X 2Sigma\_g\+ wave packet does not oscillate\. Oxygen \(p\. 5\)\: low\-KER O\+ \(below 2 eV\) with an energy spacing of about 0\.12 eV and period about 34 fs, assigned to a 4Pi\_u by one\- \(or two\-\) photon promotion to f 4Pi\_g\. The 8 fs pulses may carry 'a pedestal of a few percent \.\.\. which could easily extend to 30 fs or more' \(p\. 10\)\. No KER of a channel is printed for N2\. FIGURES \(not digitised; raster images\)\: the KER\-delay maps and power spectra \(Figs\. 2, 4, 5, 7, 10, 12, 13\) are density plots, not curves; Fig\. 5\(b\), the low\-KER O\+ spectrum with the a 4Pi\_u combs, is the only one\-dimensional measured curve for O2\. **Recorded bibliographic identity status:** VALIDATED. This concerns identification of the source; it does not establish the scientific correctness of its contents. Datasets -------- de\_2011/ker\_a4Piu\_O2\+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. code-block:: text { "id": "ker_a4Piu_O2+", "material": "O2+", "file": "O2+/de_2011__ker_a4Piu_O2+.csv", "table": "tbl_a5247d8a13ea", "quantity": "kinetic_energy_release", "unit": "eV", "abscissa": "label", "use": "check", "excluded_rows": { "0": "negative KER: one photon does not reach the O+ + O limit", "1": "negative KER: one photon does not reach the O+ + O limit", "2": "negative KER: one photon does not reach the O+ + O limit", "3": "negative KER: one photon does not reach the O+ + O limit", "4": "negative KER: one photon does not reach the O+ + O limit", "5": "negative KER: one photon does not reach the O+ + O limit", "6": "negative KER: one photon does not reach the O+ + O limit", "7": "negative KER: one photon does not reach the O+ + O limit", "8": "negative KER: one photon does not reach the O+ + O limit", "9": "negative KER: one photon does not reach the O+ + O limit", "10": "negative KER: one photon does not reach the O+ + O limit" }, "uncertainty": { "level": "not stated" }, "parameters": { "channel": "O2+ (a 4Pi_u, v) + one 800 nm photon -> f 4Pi_g -> O+ + O", "kind": "calculated", "state": "O2+ a 4Pi_u, the vibrational level v of the row", "photon_nm": 800 } } Table II \(p\. 6\)\: the KER of O\+ \+ O when the vibrational level v \(the row\) of O2\+ a 4Pi\_u absorbs one 800 nm photon \(1\.55 eV\) and dissociates through f 4Pi\_g, 'deduced simply from energy conservation' \(p\. 6\) with the levels of Marian et al\. \(ref\. 38\)\. Calculated, not measured\: the authors find the measured low\-KER O\+ structure follows these loci in slope and spacing, but the predicted frequencies are lower than the observed ones \(pp\. 6\-7; their TDSE of section IV is about 25 % low too, p\. 11\)\. The extraction checks each step against the printed frequencies \(TC\-962\)\. No uncertainty\. de\_2011/ker\_coulomb\_model\_O2\+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. code-block:: text { "id": "ker_coulomb_model_O2+", "material": "O2+", "table": "text", "quantity": "kinetic_energy_release", "unit": "eV", "abscissa": "none", "use": "check", "uncertainty": { "level": "not stated" }, "parameters": { "channel": "O2+ -> O+ + O", "kind": "asymptotic", "method": "the adjustable parameter of a classical Coulomb model of the pump-probe stripes", "wavelength_nm": 800, "pulse_fs": 8, "polarization": "linear" } } 1 inline points in the source record. p\. 3 \(Fig\. 2\(a\), curves 1\-2\)\: 'dissociating states of the cation to O\+/O with an asymptotic KER of 1 eV', the one adjustable parameter of the classical Coulomb model chosen to follow the measured KER\-delay stripes of O2\+ fragments\. A model input matched by eye to the data; no states assigned, no uncertainty\. 800 nm, nominally 8 fs, 1\-3 x 10^14 W/cm^2\. Formulas -------- No formulas are recorded. Corrections ----------- No dataset errata are recorded in this source record. Formula corrections, where recorded, appear with their formulas above. Curation notes may also discuss corrections or unresolved interpretation. Consult the :doc:`review register ` for the checks and decisions.